To my knowledge rural area surveys have always been allowed more leeway than urban areas. Why should a farmer have to pay for the precision necessary ...

So I think this explains it. The refraction correction is typically 1/7th that of the curvature and opposite. Thus the following that I found adds con...

This is of no real help to your question, but you should be aware many data collectors will also apply the curvature and refraction correction so one ...

He's getting positional value from the GNSS satellites. He wants to know their azimuth above the horizon so that he can exclude the ones that may not ...

I've always thought it was a common term for two curves spaced very close together but otherwise common curves with nothing else unusual. Much like re...

Field Dog you can turn enough sets of angles with a 5sec gun to get the same results as a 1sec gun. He can alleviate his proprty corner concern withou...

When you publish your work i.e. a subdivision plat, your are claiming that information shown to be true. If your are not going to claim 267.2589 then ...

Any one asking for that accuracy or promising that accuracy has no business being involved in the bridge project.

I only have a vague recollection of always moving the scope up and down after turning on the total station and before beginning any work but I can't r...

I've used a different Nikon total station where the offset was always assumed to be negative so you had to put in 30 for -30.

Individual responsibility is in no way absurd.

I love the property lines disappearing on the zoom in. That would eliminate so many misunderstood conclusions. Just don't give them the opportunity to...

If a surveyor told me he could collect all the evidence relating to the boundary of my property but he was unable to express a professional opinion as...

"...lines described in recorded title transfer documents pertaining to real land." tell you where to look for the boundaries.The boundaries are found ...

Since when did I say we were?

After 80 years of monumentation and occupation you don't think they own it?

I think if the line was meant to have bends in it then it would have been drawn that way in the first place. The adjoining properties will have monume...

The gun barrels have been there for 80 years, occupied to by the fencing and never disputed? They have become the corners. I don't see how this is eve...

It is not unheard of for the "base stations" that OPUS uses to have bad information. Antennas have been changed without their positions being updated ...