My reply to Bill93ƒ??s 5 March posting probably confused more than elucidated the issues involved in improving NAVD88 via the modeling described by X....

I recommend looking at articles resulting from a Google search using geoid ?ÿlateral density variations. When I did the search lots of good stuff show...

Check out?especially Popeƒ??s. Good luck. ?ÿ

I cannot seem to edit my post. Reviewing the images I see they are illegible for my purpose. To view the page from which they were taken go to: geodes...

MightyMoe mentions that if he submits the same data to OPUS but specifies different CORS he will get a different orthometric heights. I assume he know...

FWIW, The original post asked why the sum of the three different heights: NAD83 ellipsoid (h), NAVD88 orthometric (H) and the ellipsoid-geoid separati...

Part of the design of NAVD88 was to deal with local sea level variations that distorted the nationwide network. The unfortunate differences in heights...

It appears that my problem attaching graphics was an iPad issue; I am using my MacBook.?ÿ As can be seen in this graphic from the article, there were ...

When I look at the graphic comparing NAPGD2022 to NGVD29, I am struck again by the extent and magnitude of problems in the NGVD29. ?ÿSee the linked ar...

Confused here as my attempts to delete an erroneous posting seemed unsuccessful. The errant posting seems gone. To qualify as a geodesist series (1372...

Another good source on the issue of refraction see:?/p>

Data for Morgan Point in the Houston area is found here: ?ÿ ?ÿ ?ÿ ?ÿ ?ÿ

On the matter of correcting for refraction and temperature gradients, see:?/p>

View of a trig pillar established to monitor the Sydney Opera House. Of course we also see the lovely Sydney Harbor Bridge.

The American-Australian militaries have long ties. I wonder how many Americans realize Australian troops fought with us in Vietnam?

See image file here: To compare Mr Hamiltonƒ??s image.I am using an iPad and cannot reduce image size in order to post it.

Bill93, post: 455217, member: 87 wrote: That's GRAV-D that will be used in future geoid models, but is there any airborne data in Geoid12B ?See: . It ...