Its explained in the handbook. Our users do not seem confused by it. It's helpful to know that the user of the LDP should match the latitude and longi...

Actually our positioning professionals have been working in 14 zones for about 8+ years now. A few counties have adopted them for geodetic survey cont...

@mathteacher In our state there will be 14 SPCS LDP zones covering everything. Our needs will be met. Other states were given the same opportunity w...

Not sure I would say NGS is sticking with state plane. SPCS 2022 is more like developing ground planes at average ground height in a local area. Prett...

A lot of these issues that we discuss are like those things that any 10 year old can do with 20 years of practice. I resemble that remark however ...

Chapter 11 of the Eighth edition of Surveying by Moffit and Bouchard (1987) bring into focus purpose and use of plane surveying. It is entitled SPC an...

@mathteacher I would say limited in height more than size. You could create a sizable LDP that could include a number of mountain tops for example. ...

@bill93 Iowa law requires distances on the horizontal plane whatever that means. The only plane defined in the survey code is state plane but absolu...

@mathteacher That's what I get too. I gave you the wrong station. I was looking at one 12 miles east at a lower elevation. Please don't take this wr...

@mightymoe Plus many customers (engineers) want cartesian ground modeled coordinates, not distances between points.

@mathteacher Using the same parameters the LDP can serve many "ground" uses in the Helena valley area. RX1056 about 12 miles east of the airport h...

Ive been using field software that computes CSF for at least 15 or 20 years. We used it to input NGS control points and check the result with the dat...

Every adjusted point in LSA introduces a ppm error into each computed non distorted vector. I would venture a guess the ppm error is similar to the LD...

Apples and oranges. There isn't much to be gained in discussing differences between points on a grid system of any kind and points on a system that us...

@mightymoe As you have experienced, its possible to design an LDP to fit the need. It's unfortunate if SPCS2022 doesn't meet the need. The point is ...

@mathteacher When I stated the issue for #1 I should have said projected to the globe in reference to the globe being the ground we walk on. I appre...

It must be politics since politicians make law and the law requires measurements referenced to a horizontal plane.

@rover83 One of the biggest surprises encountered after development of LDP's in our state was not using them but how some licensed surveyors insist ...

Wouldn't is be better if everybody used NGS terminology? It will be best when everybody uses NGS defined SPCS2022 as ground for most intents and pu...

Junior monument controls the green lines outside the yellow parcel. Senior monument controls the common lines between yellow and green unless the owne...