Corner monuments - what do you use?

Here is an excerpt from the Wyoming Rules & Regulations that may be of some interest.

Section 3. Securing Identifying Markers. Professional land surveyors, and professional
engineers and land surveyors engaged in the practice of land surveying, shall obtain and use metallic
identifying markers which shall show the registrant's Wyoming Registration Number, as issued by the
Board, prefixed by the letters LS, PLS, or PE & LS, as appropriate.

Section 4.

Monumentation.

(a) All comers establishing real property boundaries shall be monumented with a durable
monument, including accessories, that are appropriate to the local site conditions. Monuments recovered
and accepted during retracement surveys as a real property boundary marker must be evaluated for
durability and identification. Those comers for which the monument and accessories are found to be
deficient shall be rehabilitated so that each comer is left marked in such a manner as meets the above
standards for monumentation. Any such monument that is in imminent danger of being obliterated or lost,
by natural occurrences, construction, farming or other means shall be witnessed or referenced. The use of
wooden or plastic stakes, hubs, posts and caps is unacceptable as permanent monuments. Each survey
monument shall include a permanently affixed metallic identifying marker. Except where impracticable
because of site conditions, or more restrictive state, county, city or town rules and regulations apply, the
registrant shall use, as a minimum, an iron pipe or rod monument not less than twenty-four (24) inches in
length and not less than five-eighths (5/8) inch in diameter, or a durable nonferrous monument, of the same
dimensions, which has at least one ferromagnetic insert for electronic or magnetic detection.
(b) For all public land survey comers which were monumented during the original
government surveys or resurveys, which are restored or reestablished, and for the center quarter (1/4)
comer and sixteenth (1116) comers of sections and for the comers or angle points of independent resurvey
tracts and lots, the registrant shall use, as the preferred minimum monument, a galvanized iron or
aluminum pipe not less than twenty-four (24) inches in length and not less than two (2) inches in diameter
with a metallic cap not less than two and one-half (2.5) inches in diameter securely fastened to the top, or
an iron rod not less than twenty-four (24) inches in length and not less than five-eighths (5/8) inch in
diameter with a metallic cap not less than two and one-half (2.5) inches in diameter securely fastened to the
top, except where impracticable because of site conditions. All nonferrous monuments shall have at least
one ferromagnetic insert for electronic or magnetic detection.
(c) Monuments set for any purpose shall be marked, stamped or inscribed in accordance
with these rules and shall identify the public land survey comer, property comer, accessory, control point
or other point it is intended to monument. Sufficient markings shall be placed upon accessories and
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control points to avoid confusion with actual comer monuments.

Section 5.

Rehabilitation of Original Public Land Survey System Monuments.

(a) Original comer monuments and accessories recovered in place as described in the
original record and deemed to be in good condition may be left in place.
(b) Any original monument or evidence of original monument used for any land
surveying purpose which does not comply with Subparagraph (a) ofthis section shall be remonumented in
order to perpetuate the position of that comer using a monument which complies with Section 4(b) of this
Chapter, and documented in accordance with Chapter VIll of these rules.

Section 6.

Subdivision of Sections of the Public Land Survey System.

(a) For the subdivision of any section, resurvey tract or lot of the public land survey
system, the registrant shall be required to recover or reestablish all of the comers established and
monumented during the original government surveyor resurvey, which are relevant to the subdivision.
The registrant must follow the "Manual of Instructions for the Survey of Public Lands of the United
States" and the publication, "Restoration of Lost or Obliterated Comers and Subdivision of Sections,"
current editions, for any public land survey comer established, reestablished, monumented, remonumented,
restored, rehabilitated, perpetuated or used as control in any survey. The words establish or reestablish as
used in the manual shall mean to determine the true position of a comer and set a monument which meets
the above standards.
(b) Monuments shall be set at all controlling comers established for the aliquot part of
the section being subdivided. The center quarter (114) comer shall be recovered or established and
monumented. The quarter section sixteenth (1116) comers shall be recovered or established and
monumented. Monuments of other aliquot comers may be established where necessary to mark the comers
of a minor subdivision. This shall mean that for anyone quarter section subdivided, all five (5) (or more as
appropriate) sixteenth (1/16) comers and the center quarter (1/4) comer shall be monumented unless
impracticaL
(c) Where it is impractical to monument, witness or reference a comer due to site
conditions, denial of access, or situations beyond the registrants' control, the registrant shall document the
particulars ofthe comer establishment and file the documentation in accordance with Chapter VIll of these
rules and/or record a public document detailing the circumstance.
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First Rule of Thumb

Never set anything you can't get back out....

quickly....

with a mad woman beating you over the head with a broom...:pinch:

been one of those Mondays.

usually
5/8" by 18-24" rebar, with the 2" aluminum cap prestamped with company info and plastic sleeve insert.
I also have the 6" mag spikes for control points and can set them with the 2" alum. disk prestamped from surv kapp.

if it's a wet area..
4"square concrete by 24" with 5/8" rebar projecting a few inches to take my cap.

Harold-

In Ontario, we have O.Reg 525/91 FYI

http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/html/regs/english/elaws_regs_910525_e.htm

It is under the Surveyors Act which, IMVHO is teh wrong Act.

It used to be under the correct Act according to the common law of Ontario, the Surveys Act.

Have a read and if there are ?s don't be backward about coming forward.

Cheers

Derek

I rarely set anything smaller than 1/2" x 24" rebar and have set some much larger. Though in years past I have set, under certain conditions, X in conc., rrspikes, 80d nails, cotton spikes,drill holes in boulders and L.T.&T.'s.(CA surveyors will recognize the last one) ect.. It has only been in the last 15 years that all states in which I am licensed have required caps of different types. Texas was the last.

RCW 58.09.120

In practice, and in compliance with 58.17.240, the counties use the platting (subdivisional platting) to have some say in the monumentation. To the west of the Cascades, they typically require 1/2"x18-24" rebar. To the east, they typically require 5/8" rebar. As you can see from the RCW above, there is a lot of leeway as to how you can monument a corner for a record of survey that has no county review.

We use 1/2" or 5/8" rebar 24" long with plastic caps stamped with our name and numbers.

Note that the WA DNR has standards for replacing PLSS corners that are different than these.

Thanks, guys!:-)

Carl we have found black iron pipe monuments set by prior surveyors in this company 50-60 years ago with little or no signs of wear.

We set 5/8" X 24" Rebar with a triangular spade welded on the side +- 6" from the bottom with a 3 1/4" cap, with a unique identifier and the year stamped on the cap, as a minimum. If we set a cap in Bedrock, we put a magnet in the drill hole, before we fill it with grout.