"Disturbed" triangulation stationYes, I is possible to remove the surface monument without disturbing the underground. There was dirt separating the t...

One bit of advice about running all day...we were working in a very hot area, 90 to 100+ degrees in the daytime, we had the base on a parade ground ou...

Ring Ring (from yesterday)Quick, cheap, accurate...pick any two.

Tom: You can probably relate to this story. about 20 years ago I was working on a project in a county in Colorado. We set pairs of monuments across th...

That formula was correct for the NAD27 system, as back then the separation was not known, and was typically assumed to be zero. However, using that fo...

Perhaps that is why NGS will be doing their next Geoid Slope Validation Survey across Iowa. 2014 Geoid Slope Validation Survey

Glad to hear that, Cliff. They eliminated the surveying course at Pitt shortly after I was there (early-mid 80's). I went back in the early 90's and s...

Well, I didn't just take advanced geodesy courses, I also took a bunch of survey courses.

It absolutely makes a difference (ortho versus ellipsoidal height). In my area, where the separation is about 30 m (100 feet), it makes about 6 ppm di...

That could be, or they are missing some data. I submitted several times data from Winchester, VA, and it always comes back [inlinecode]6029 After the ...

The real shame (and disgrace for CE programs, in my opinion) is that many (most?) CE programs do not require their students to take a semester of surv...

And I have been learning ever since!

I have a 4 year civil engineering degree. I majored in geodesy. Hardly worthless.

I reduce distances to mark-to-mark (as well as vertical angles). I then do a least squares 3-D adjustment, which includes GPS, total station obs, and ...

I periodically "calibrate" the S6, which is several steps including making sure the autolock is locked on the middle of the prism. This may not have a...

I usually (mostly) convert trimble dat files to RINEX and then submit. The command for converting a dat file to rinex using teqc is simple: teqc -tr d...

got it to work with WEPSo, I had to set the TSC2 to Open authentication, Data encryption WEP, with a 5 character passphrase, that worked with the phon...

I believe WAAS is meter level accuracy, from tests I have done, although I don't know about that particular unit. It has been quite a few years since ...