I learned the first concepts of algebra by borrowing an older kid's book on the school bus out of curiosity for what algebra was. At that time I don't...

@john-hamilton?ÿ For coordinates to belong in the hierarchy above some other things, all surveyors must supply proper metadata and take into account ...

Maybe those points were set by the RR itself?

@john-nolton?ÿ Here's one study that worked on a clear night, used a very good instrument, measured environmental conditions accurately, a geoid mode...

This.

That will astonish me. Astro azimuth is pretty good.?ÿ But astro latitude is so dependent on knowing the refraction that it is hard to get down to a s...

The McIEntyre surveying text I used in 1982 was pushing that idea.

This old thread is relevant, if confusing. The later posts in it may be clearer.

For a water project, the theoretical ideal is "dynamic heights" not "orthometric heights" but that probably is too fine a distinction for this project...

If you are doing a lot survey, go to a hardware store and buy red reflectors of the type people put by their driveway. You should get 100 yard range, ...

Paper copies of a several hundred page book with low distribution have significant base costs before the printer and authors make any money.?ÿ But yea...

@half-bubble?ÿ I doubt they care about actual elevation - only differences across the project, so trig levels would be sufficient.

3 inches down for a water line???ÿ That's crazy. Doesn't that freeze in Kansas? I thought property owners still owned the top 18", although the cable...