Monuments in pavement in snow country have the added attraction of water, salt, ice, and more frequent repaving as well. Durability is always an issue...

As for std err of Astro azimuths. If you accumulate sufficient azimuth data of one line, by independent sets of that same line, it would be best to in...

An Astro azimuth is a little different. The FS is moving. And the spreadsheet does generate a std dev per set. (I guess std error too would be good, b...

And, if an angle is measured 10x, that set of angles may have a std dev of 2". That same angle measured 20x may have have a std dev of 2". (Std dev do...

Good article. And good points on entering both F1 angles and F2 angles letting the LSA software perform the statics. And the errors associated with th...

If you measure angle once, you enter it.Twice, enter both. Thrice enter all 3. And so on.If you measure an angle 10x, and enter its mean as one angle...

And an epoch (a specific point in time) is also used to refer to date of the reference frame of GPS. The ITRF reference frame is temporal, continuousl...

63800 ft slope8500 vertical difference. from 3 different BMs Range master/T3Definitely the good old days.

What's the longest EDM distance you've ever shot?

The max angular dia Mercury 13"The max angular diameter Venus 63"So about 5x visual diameter. And that's big diff in pixel count in a camera.

Well Venus is just more photogenic, size matters. After all, Venus 2x diameter (4x bigger in area).

This iPhone, autofocus, thru a Wild T3. (I set the crosshairs out of focus first)

I took this, and many more, with iPhone. It focused by itself. You gotta hold just right and steady.Mercury, any planet, for azimuth would be a practi...

rfc, post: 371196, member: 8882 wrote: And malaria...and tiger infested jungles. Some of that canopy would make GPS (even Javad, Nate :-)), useless. O...

In the mid 80s my company did a major survey, $80-90K several crews. 3 years later: GPS - a similar survey was $12K, one crew. Faster, cheaper, but no...

I'm just reminded of the Everest survey. Its major issue(s) wasn't the survey. It was logistics: transportation, supply lines, communication. And slow...

Absent GPS, land surveying as a profession would have to return to its academic roots.

I believe it's under the "Navigable Waters of the United States", which the intercostal is surely governed by. And it's high in the pecking order of r...

I was in Afghanistan and a friend was in California. Only 40å¡ and 35å¡ N. We coordinated realtime by telephone. 5:45 AM for me and 5:45 PM in Califor...

JaRo, post: 370832, member: 292 wrote: I shot this with a camera thru the total station with a solar filter. It took several shots to get something wo...