Ask 3 surveyors and you'll get 5 opinions.

@lurker?ÿ If I can believe my statistics that say that I have 3-sigma confidence of being within the stated tolerance,?ÿ then the chance of being out...

I can't see why such a spec could be anything but an average over good conditions, a rule of thumb. There is nothing in GNSS that explains ppm depende...

95% confidence means you will be wrong 1 in 20 times. Certainly not good enough if it is a critical situation. Like perhaps the precast beams fitting?...

what was the little slide plate called vernier?

You could write another digit If it's marked in hundredths and you have good visibility through the scope you should be able to estimate thousandth...

Of you start from a point and traverse in opposite directions to two other end points, then sqrt sum of squares of those points' semi major axes is a ...

write the elevations for TBMs to 3 decimal places. When I pointed out that we were starting from a BM that was only accurate to 2 decimal places Th...

Sending a crew out with them not aware control has already been set ? ?

how do they do that? (Directional drilling).?ÿ Directional drilling is often used to install horizontal utilities without digging trenches.?ÿ They ...

after a proper weighted least squares adjustment . It should read "proper weighted least squares with sufficiently redundant data."?ÿ?ÿ There reall...

Per tradition, bump to top.

2cm+50ppm That means your pass limit is never less than 2 cm, but for long distances it will be larger.?ÿ For instance at 300 meters, 50 ppm is 0.0...

The other aspect of least squares that nobody talks about, and the rules don't specify, is whether the program takes the standard errors you give it a...

B gets a circumference that is 6283.2 ft longer than A does, which is 1 part in 20,900 or 48 ppm longer than A. I'm not sure how you are defining pre...