I think the prize would have to go to native americans. A monumented survey line can be for construction as well as land boundary. There is monumental evidence of survey activity in several states that date to the same or earlier time period than viking activity in northern canada and greenland.
"Cahokia was laid out in neat rows with a ceremonial central plaza featuring "stepped" pyramid temples."
http://allsands.com/History/Places/indiansmoundbui_ib_gn.htm
I remember this being posted about on the old board.
I guess this is not the almost but it references boundary surveys in NYC back to the 1650's
Poverty Point in NE Louisiana is about a millennium older than the Cahokia structures.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poverty_Point
Yes, and these natives laid out curves 2 millennium before the PLSS manual:-O
Wow...
I was going to mention Chaco Canyon in NW New Mexico between 850 and 1050 But not nearly as old as "Poverty Point".
Chaco was a pretty interesting regardless. they had a lot of structures laid out on a north-south meridian. Dubbed as the "Chaco Meridian" in the link.
some photos here