LAH and LGH copied from NGS TM 47 describing design and use of the NGS program ADJUST by D Milbert and W Kass (1987). As usual, a picture is wo...

Coordinates expressed as northings (N) and eastings (E) define the location of a point in a 2D-rectilinear system derived from ellipsoidal latitudes a...

As usual, I find myself reading the OP differently. To me, he seems interested in network design rather than adjustments in general. With that in min...

Dr Richard Snay of the NGS gave a 2008 presentation “History, Uses and Future of GPS/GNSS” which includes the following images. I don’t know whether C...

Image copied from the PDF file version published by the University of New Brunswick, Canada as Lecture Note 58. Print version published in 1986. Dr Be...

It took me fifteen years to finally make it to Hawaii for work. Like most old timers, I recall the “old days” and lament the changes. Especially the a...

FWIW. Living in a newly developed area there aren’t any NGS points with horizontal control nearby. I have not searched for any to test the watch. Tha...

Oh no! This event is on Thursday. That’s tomorrow. Such an interesting topic…

I speculate that the CGVD28(HT2.0) takes GNSS-derived ellipsoid heights applies a gravimetric geoid model then another model to account for the differ...

Do you use GPS-only or multi-constellation? I see no GNSS solution to dense canopy. Years ago there were some hydraulic towers used in Scandinavia. Ob...

@bill93 , et al…

FWIW, the service web page is: Included on this site is the following: I would work through link in the image above. HTH, DMM